TL;DR
- Kei te piki haere te hiahia o te Ture Hua Hanga o te EU (CPR) ki te whakamātautau tauhohenga-ki-te-ahi i raro i EN 13501-1 mō ngā rauemi hanga mua o ngā whare tūmatanui tae atu ki ngā hōtēra.
- Ko te Bfl-s1 te momo tauhohenga-ki-te-ahi teitei rawa atu ka taea te whakatutuki mā te whakamahi i tētahi rauemi mura pēnei i te WPC (whakakotahi rakau-kirihou).
- Ko te tikanga o te "s1" he iti rawa te paoa e puta ana, he mea nui mō ngā āhuatanga whakawātea i ngā hōtēra me ngā rau manuhiri.
- NgātahiWpc Whakaputa Ka taea e te whakakikorua i hangaia ki ngā matua kohuke ātete-ahi te tae ki te Bfl-s1, ko ngā kōtaha WPC paerewa ia ka tau ki te Cfl, ki te Dfl rānei.
- Nō te tau 2026, kua whakakaha ake e ētahi whenua mema o te EU ngā ture hanga whare ā-rohe kia whakahaua te whakamahi i te Bfl-s1, pai ake rānei, mō te whakakikorua i ngā whare neke atu i te 2 papa.
- Kāore e tutuki i ngā pepa tukunga VOC anake ngā whakaaetanga mō te mata o ngā hōtēra maha-papa; me whai pūrongo whakamātautau ahi tika e ai ki te EN 13501-1.
1. He aha i raro ai ngā mata o ngā hōtēra i te karu tirotiro ā-ture
I puta te aituā o te Grenfell Tower i te tau 2017 i tētahi panonitanga nui ki te aromatawai a ngā kaiwhakahaere Pākehā i ngā rauemi o mua o ngā whare tūmatanui me ngā whare manaaki manuhiri. I ngā tau i muri mai, ko te Te Ture mō ngā Hua Hanga o te EU (CPR) kua whakahoutia, ā, kua whaia e ngā ture hanga whare o ngā whenua mema te tauira i runga i ngā whakaritenga ā-rohe kua kaha ake.
E toru ngā take e arohia ai ngā hōtēra:
- Te mātotoru o te hunga noho: Ka taea e tētahi hōtera waenga-teitei te manaaki i ngā rau manuhiri i ia papa i te wā tino pukumahi. Ka inehia te roa o te wehenga i roto i ngā meneti, ehara i te hēkona.
- Te nohoanga mō te pō: He tokomaha ngā kainoho e moe ana i te wā e nui rawa ana te mōrearea o te ahi, ā, ka whakaroa i te urupare tuatahi.
- Te horapa poutū o te ahi: Ka mahi te whakakikorua o mua hei auahi mena kāore e taea te ātete i te horapa o te mura, ka tere ake te horapa poutū puta noa i ngā papa maha.
Nā ēnei take, ko ngā mana whakahaere ā-motu i Parani (Reglementation Sécurité Incendie), Tiamana (Landesbauordnungen), Hōrana (ngā whakatikatika a Bouwbesluit 2012), me ētahi atu e tohutoro mārama ana inaianei EN 13501-1: Te whakarōpūtanga ahi o ngā hua hangahanga hei paearu mō te whakaaetanga rauemi hanga mua mō ngā hōtēra me ngā whare rite.
2. Te Mārama ki te EN 13501-1: Te Tikanga Tuturu o te Whakarōpūtanga
EN 13501-1 e whakarōpū ana i ngā hua hanga ki ngā akomanga Euro mai i te A1 (kāore e mura) ki te F (kāore i whakatauhia te mahi). E toru ngā paearu e arotakehia ana e te pūnaha whakarōpū i te wā kotahi:
| Paearu | Ngā Ine | Paerewa Whakamātautau |
|---|---|---|
| Te mura | Mehemea ka mura te hua ina pāngia e te mura iti | EN ISO 11925-2 |
| Tukunga wera | Te tere tuku wera nui (FIGRA) me te wera katoa i tukuna | EN ISO 9239-1 (mō ngā papa) |
| Te whakaputanga paowa | Te tere me te rahinga katoa o te paowa i puta | EN ISO 9239-1 (mō ngā papa) |
Mō ngā papa me ngā tono mata, ka whakamahia e te whakarōpūtanga te kupu whakamutunga "fl" (papa) mō te tikanga whakamātautau tūemi-kotahi-tahu (SBI) i whakarerekētia mō ngā hua mata. Ko ngā akomanga matua e pā ana ki te whakakikorua WPC ko:
- Āwherika: Kāore e mura (raima, kōhatu). Kāore e taea e te WPC.
- Bfl-s1: He iti noa te takoha ki te ahi, he iti noa te paoa e puta ana. Ko te karaehe teitei rawa atu ka taea e te rauemi mura te whakatutuki.
- Cfl-s1 / Cfl-s2: He iti noa te takoha me te paowa iti, waenga rānei.
- Tau / Tau: He pai te mahi, he iti rānei; kei te piki haere te whakahē mō ngā mata o ngā hōtēra maha-papa.
He mea nui te momo auahi "s1" mō ngā hōtēra. Ko te manawa auahi te tino take o ngā matenga i roto i ngā ahi whare. E whakaū ana te whakatauranga s1 kei raro tonu te putanga auahi i te 30 m²/s i te wā tīmatanga o te tipu, ā, he whānui ake te matapihi haumaru mō ngā manuhiri me ngā kaiwhakautu ohorere.
3. Bfl-s1 vs. Cfl vs. Dfl: Te Tikanga o ngā Whakatauranga mō tētahi Kaupapa Hōtera
E toru ngā hua o te whiriwhiri i te momo ahi hē mō te mata o te hōtēra. E tere haere ana te piki haere o te pānga o te whakakikorua WPC i roto i te mahi:
Ngā Whakaroa Whakaae
Ka whakakahoretia, ka puritia rānei e ngā mana whakahaere whakaaetanga hanga whare i te nuinga o ngā mana whakahaere o te EU ngā tono kāore i te whai pūrongo whakamātautau EN 13501-1 tika mō te akomanga ahi kua tohua. Mā te tuku i tētahi tiwhikete VOC ka puta he tono mōhiohio ka taea te tāpiri i te 4-8 wiki ki te wā whakaaetanga.
Ngā Pānga Inihuarangatia
Kei te piki haere te hiahia o ngā kaiinihua rawa arumoni ki te Bfl-s1, pai ake rānei, mō ngā rauemi whakakikorua o ngā whare manaaki manuhiri. Tērā pea ka pāngia te kaipupuri kaupapa here e whakamahi ana i te whakakikorua kua whakatauria ki te Dfl e ngā whakakorenga mō ngā kereme mō ngā kino ahi, ngā utu nui ake rānei.
Mōrearea Rongonui
Ko ngā waitohu hōtēra e whakahaerehia ana i raro i ngā haki o te ao (Accor, Marriott, Hilton) he maha ngā paerewa haumaru ā-roto e hipa ana i ngā ture hanga whare ā-rohe. Mēnā ka tohua e te kaiwhakawhanake he paparanga iti iho i te paerewa, ka ngaro pea te mana o te waitohu.
Mō ngā take e toru, e kiia ana ko Bfl-s1 te iti rawa o te mahi mō te whakakikorua WPC o te mata o te hōtēra i te nuinga o ngā mākete Pākehā, ahakoa e whakaaetia ana a Cfl-s1 e ngā ture ā-rohe.
4. Me pēhea te whakatutuki a te Hangarau WPC Co-Extrusion i te Bfl-s1
Ko ngā kōtaha hiato rakau-kirihou paerewa, kāore he tāpiringa i hangaia e te ahi, ka eke ki ngā whakatauranga Cfl, Dfl rānei. Ko te hanganga turanga -- polyethylene, polypropylene rānei i konatunatua ki te paraoa rakau -- he mea mura tonu. Ko te eke ki te Bfl-s1 me whai whakarerekētanga kua whakaritea i ngā taumata rauemi me te hanga.
Hou whakakikorua WPC whakakotahi ka whakamahia he huarahi paparua-paparanga:
- Paparanga matua: Ko te paparanga WPC papatipu kua whakaranua ki ngā whakakī ātete ahi kohuke (konumohe trihydrate, konupora hauwai) e tuku ana i te mamaoa wai ina wera, ka mimiti i te pūngao me te pehi i te horapa o te mura.
- Angaanga i whakaputahia tahitia: Ka tukuna atu he paparanga potae polymer tiaki ki runga i te matua i te wā kotahi. Ka taea e tēnei taupoki te whakauru i ngā tāpiringa intumescent ka whānui ina pāngia e te wera, ka hanga he ārai waro e ārai ana i te matua mai i te mura.
Mā te tukanga whakakotahi-whakaputa ka whakarite kia tohatoha tika ngā tāpiringa ātete-ahi puta noa i te wāhanga whakawhiti o te kōtaha, kaua e pania hei paninga mata ka memeha. He painga nui tēnei mō ngā tono mata o waho, ina me mau tonu te mahi ahi a te rauemi mō te 15-25 tau o te huarere.
He rerekē, whakakikorua WPC matarohia Ka taea tonu e ngā kōtaha kāore he hononga-whakaputa te whakatutuki i ngā whakatauranga ahi e whakaaetia ana mō ngā tono papa iti, ehara rānei i te hōtēra, engari ko te tikanga ka tau ki Cfl-s2 kaua ki Bfl-s1.
5. Te Mahanga Whakatutukitanga VOC Anake: He aha ngā Pepa Tukunga ehara i te Pūrongo Ahi
He maha ngā kaiwhakahaere kaupapa, inā koa ko te hunga e whakawhiti ana mai i te hokonga whakapaipai o roto, e whakakotahi ana i ngā tuhinga tukunga VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) me ngā whakaritenga haumaru ahi. He mea mārama tēnei whakapoauau engari he morearea.
Ko te tikanga, e tohu ana te pepa tukunga VOC i Ngā paerewa raupapa ISO 16000 rānei EN 16516, ā, e whakamana ana kāore tētahi hua e tuku i ngā taumata kino o te formaldehyde, te benzene, ētahi atu matū pūngāwerewere rānei ki te hau o roto. He mea nui tēnei mō ngā roto o te rūma manuhiri, engari kāore he kōrero mō:
- Mehemea ka mura te hua ina pāngia e te pūtake mura
- Te nui o te wera ka tukuna e te hua ina tahuna
- Te nui o te paoa ka puta mai i te hua i te wā e tahuna ana
- Mehemea ka whai wāhi te hua ki te horapa o te ahi puta noa i te mata o te whare
He tuhinga tino rerekē te tiwhikete tukunga VOC me te pūrongo whakarōpūtanga ahi EN 13501-1 e aromatawai ana i ngā tawhā mahi e rua tino rerekē. Mā te tuku i tētahi hei whakakapi i tētahi ka whakakorehia te whakaaetanga i roto i ngā mana whakahaere EU katoa e tohutoro ana i ngā whakaritenga CPR.
Hei te tau 2026, kua whakahaua e ngā mana hanga whare i Tiamana, i Parani, i Hōrana, i Perehiama, i Ateria, me Scandinavia kia whakamahia ngā pūrongo whakarōpūtanga EN 13501-1 mō te whakakikorua o te mata o ngā whare tūmatanui katoa i runga ake i ngā papa e rua. Tērā pea ka hiahiatia tonutia ngā pepa VOC me ngā pūrongo ahi mō ngā tono o roto, engari kāore e taea te whakakapi i te whakarōpūtanga ahi i roto i te horopaki o te mata o ngā whare.
6. Rārangi Arowhai Whakatakotoranga mō te Whakakikorua WPC o te Mata o te Hōtera
Me whakauru ngā whakaritenga e pā ana ki te ahi ki roto i tētahi whakaritenga pakari mō te whakakikorua WPC o te mata o te hōtēra:
| Tawhā | Whakaritenga | Paerewa |
|---|---|---|
| Tauhohenga ki te ahi | Te iti rawa o te Bfl-s1 | EN 13501-1 |
| Te mana o te pūrongo whakamātautau | I tukuna i roto i ngā tau e 5, e te Rōpū Whakamōhio kua whakamanahia | EU CPR, Rehita (EU) Nama 305/2011 |
| Ātete huarere | Ka mau tonu te mahi ahi i muri i te tere o te koroheketanga | EN 15534-1, Tāpiritanga ZA |
| Te paitini o te auahi | I raro i te paepae i ia tāpiritanga ā-motu | EN ISO 5659-2 |
| Tohu CE | Te akomanga tauhohenga ahi i whakapuakina i runga i te tapanga DoP me te CE | EU CPR, Tāpiritanga III |
| Paerewa hua | Te mahi whakakikorua WPC e ai ki te paerewa whakakotahi | EN 15534-1 |
Me manatoko hoki e ngā kaihoko kei te tohu te pūrongo whakamātautau i te whirihoranga hua motuhake e tonoa ana -- te āhua o te kōtaha, te matotoru o te pakitara, te tae, me te hanganga paparanga whakakotahi. Kāore e taea te whakawhānui i te pūrongo ahi mō te kōtaha matotoru 20 mm ki te momo matotoru 14 mm, ahakoa he ōrite te hanganga turanga.
Te paerewa hua whakakotahi EN 15534-1 e whakarato ana i te anga mō te whakapuaki i te mahi a te whakakikorua WPC, tae atu ki te tauhohenga ahi, i raro i te CPR. Ko te tutuki i te EN 15534 te huarahi ki te tohu CE, e āhei ai te nekehanga noa o te hua puta noa i te mākete kotahi o te EU.
7. Ngā Tikanga Tāutanga e Tiakina ai te Mahi Ahi
Ahakoa he hua whakakikorua WPC kua whakatauria ki te Bfl-s1, ka ngaro pea tōna painga mahi ahi mēnā ka tāutahia he hē. Ko ngā hapa tāutanga noa e whakaiti ana i te haumaru ahi ko:
- Hanganga iti kāore i te arotakehia:Te Tāuta i te Bfl-s1 Paewhiri WpcKa tāpirihia he rauemi mura ki muri i te paparanga whakakikorua i runga i te hanganga papa rakau. Tauwhāitihia ngā pūnaha anga konumohe, maitai rānei kāore e mura mō ngā mata o mua o ngā hōtēra.
- Ngā ārai poka ngaro: He kōhao hau kei waenganui i te uhi me te pakitara o ngā mata ārai ua e whakapūmau ana i te hau. Ki te kore he ārai kōhao e ārai ana i te ahi i ia taumata o te papa, ka horapa te ahi ki te taha, ki te poutū hoki mā roto i te kōhao. Kei roto i te EN 1991-1-2 me ngā āpitihanga ā-motu te whakatakotoranga o te ārai kōhao.
- Te maimoatanga hononga hē: Mā ngā hononga tuwhera, ngā āputa rānei e nui atu ana i ngā whakaritenga a te kaihanga ka taea te whakaatu i te matua WPC ki te pānga tika o te mura, ka karo i te paparanga tiaki-whakaputa tahi. Whāia te whānui o ngā hononga kua tohua e te kaihanga, ā, whakamahia he hiri ahi-taurite ki ngā wāhi kua tohua.
- Ngā urunga kore ārai ahi: Me hiritia ngā paipa me ngā taura e uru ana mā roto i te papa whakakikorua ki ngā kara ārai ahi, ki ngā takai rānei hei pupuri i te rohe o te wāhanga ahi.
Ko te whakatauranga rauemi Bfl-s1 e aro ana ki te hua anake. Ko te mahi ahi taumata-pūnaha -- ko te whakakotahitanga o te whakakikorua, te hanganga o raro, ngā ārai poka, me te aukati ahi taha -- ka aromatawaihia motuhaketia i raro i ngā ture hanga whare ā-motu, ā, me hoahoa e te miihini ahi whai tohu.
8. Ngā Tuhinga CPR a te EU: Ngā Mea Me Whakarato e tō Kaiwhakarato
I raro i te Te Ture mō ngā Hua Hanga o te EU (Reg. (EU) Nama 305/2011), me whakarato e te kaihanga e whakatakoto ana i te whakakikorua WPC ki te mākete o te EU:
- Whakapuakitanga Mahi (DoP): He tuhinga whaimana e whakaatu ana i te mahi a te hua ki ia āhuatanga matua kua whakarārangihia i roto i te paerewa kua whakatauritea. Mō te whakakikorua o te mata o te whare, ko te tauhohenga ki te ahi (akomanga EN 13501-1) he āhuatanga kua whakapuakina.
- Tohu CE: Kua whakapirihia ki te hua, ki te takai rānei, hei tohu kei te wātea te DoP, ā, e tutuki ana te hua i te paerewa whakakotahi e tika ana.
- Pūrongo whakamātautau: I whakaputaina e tētahi Rōpū Whakamōhio kua whakamanahia (he taiwhanga kua whakamanahia i raro i te anga CPR). Me tohu te pūrongo i te paerewa whakamātautau motuhake (EN ISO 9239-1 me EN ISO 11925-2) me te hua o te mahi Euroclass.
Me tono e ngā tīma hoko ēnei tuhinga i mua i te tuku ota, kaua i muri i te taenga mai o te uta ki te papaanga. He tino uaua, he nui ake hoki te utu o te whakahou i ngā tuhinga ture mō te ahi i muri i te tāutanga o tētahi hua ki tētahi whare.
9. Tātaritanga Utu-Painga: Bfl-s1 vs. Ngā Akomanga Ahi o Runga
He nui ake te utu mō te whakakikorua WPC co-extrusion kua whakatauria ki te Bfl-s1 i ngā kōtaha WPC Cfl, Dfl rānei paerewa. E whakaata ana te utu nui i ngā whakakī kohuke tāpiri, ngā tāpiringa intumescent, me ngā utu whakamātautau a te Notified Body e hiahiatia ana hei whakatutuki i te akomanga ahi teitei ake.
Heoi, he mea tinihanga te aromatawai i te utu i runga i te utu rauemi anake mō ngā kaupapa hōtēra:
- Whakaterenga whakaaetanga: Mā te pūrongo Bfl-s1 whai mana ka whakakorea te tino take o ngā whakaroa whakaaetanga mō ngā whakaaetanga o mua o te hōtēra, ka whakaitihia ngā utu pupuri i te papa whanaketanga.
- Ngā penapena inihua: Ka tukuna pea e ngā kaiinihua rawa arumoni he utu iti iho mō ngā whare he mata o mua kua whakatauria ki te Bfl-s1, ka whakaitihia katoatia, wāhanga rānei te utu mō ngā rauemi puta noa i te wā kaupapa here.
- Te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga waitohu: Ko ngā waitohu hōtēra o te ao e hiahia ana ki ngā rauemi o mua e tutuki ana, e hipa ana rānei i ā rātou paerewa haumaru ahi ā-roto. Mā te tautuhi i te Bfl-s1 mai i te tīmatanga ka tiakina te kaiwhakawhanake mai i te hanga hoahoa utu nui mena ka whakamahia te mana o te waitohu i te wā o te arotake hoahoa.
- Te whakaiti i te kawenga: Mēnā ka puta he ahi, mā te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga kua tuhia mō te taumata ahi teitei rawa atu ka taea mō te kāwai rauemi ka whakaratohia he parenga ture kaha mō te kaiwhakawhanake, te kaihoahoa, me te kaimahi kirimana.
Ko te pātai mā ngā kaiwhakawhanake hōtēra ehara i te mea he nui ake te utu o te Bfl-s1 i te Cfl. Ko te pātai, mehemea he iti iho te utu katoa o te Cfl -- tae atu ki ngā whakaroa pea mō ngā whakaaetanga, ngā raruraru inihua, ngā mōrearea o te tutuki i ngā waitohu, me te tūponotanga ki ngā nama -- i te utu nui mō te Bfl-s1. I te nuinga o ngā wā, kāore.
Whakatakotoranga WPC me ngā Rauemi Tuku Iho: Whakataurite i te Mahi Ahi mō ngā Kaupapa Hōtera
Ina arotakehia e ngā kaihoahoa ngā rauemi whakakikorua mō ngā mata o ngā hōtēra, ko te whakataurite i te mahi ahi i waenga i te WPC me ngā momo kē atu tuku iho pērā i ngā panera konumohe hiato, te raima pēhanga-teitei, me te rakau tūturu te wāhi whakatau e whakatau ana i te whakatakotoranga. I whānui te whakamahinga o ngā panera konumohe hiato me ngā matua polyethylene i roto i te hanganga hōtēra tae noa ki ngā tau tōmua o te tau 2000, engari nā ngā whakahoutanga ture i muri i te Grenfell puta noa i Ūropi kua whakawhāitihia te whakamahinga ki ngā whare i runga ake i te 18 mita. Ko te whakakikorua WPC me te whakarōpūtanga EN 13501 Bfl-s1 e tuku ana i te taumata mahi ahi e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga Ture Hua Hanganga Pākehā mō ngā whare o ngā teitei katoa, me te kore e pāngia e ngā āwangawanga mura e pāngia ana e ngā panera ACM-PE.
Ka tukuna e te whakakikorua rakau tūturu te mahana ataahua e whakanuia ana e ngā kaihoahoa hōtēra, engari ko te rakau kāore i rongoatia te tikanga ka tutuki noa i te mahi ahi akomanga-D, akomanga-C rānei i raro i te EN 13501, he mea kāore e ranea mō ngā mata o te hōtēra i te nuinga o ngā mana whakahaere o Ūropi. Ka taea e te maimoatanga ātete-ahi te whakapai ake i te rakau ki te akomanga-B, engari ka tāpirihia he utu e te maimoatanga, ka hiahiatia he tono anō i ia wā, ā, ka whakaurua he kawenga matū e taupatupatu ana ki ngā whakaritenga tukunga VOC e kaha haere ana te whakatinanatanga mō ngā roto o te hōtēra. Ka tutuki i te whakakikorua WPC co-extrusion te whakarōpūtanga Bfl-s1 mā roto i tōna hanganga rauemi kaua ki ngā maimoatanga matū kua whakamahia, ko te tikanga he mea taketake te mahi ahi ki te hua, ā, kāore e heke i roto i te roanga o te mahi o te whare. Mō ngā kaiwhakawhanake hōtēra e hiahia ana ki te tutuki i ngā ture me te iti o ngā tukunga VOC, ko te whakakikorua WPC co-extrusion te whakatakotoranga e tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga e rua i te wā kotahi me te kore e hiahiatia he kawenga tiaki o ngā wātaka whakahoki ātete-ahi.
Te Tauwhāiti i te Whakakikorua WPC mō ngā Kaupapa Whakahou Hōtera: Ngā Whakaaro Whaihua
He rerekē ngā wero whakaritenga mō ngā kaupapa whakahoutanga hōtēra e whakakapi ana i ngā rauemi mata o mua ki te whakakikorua WPC i ngā kaupapa hanga hou. Ko te āhua o te papa o mua, te kaha hanganga pakitara, me te hoahoa papa rerenga wai ka pā ki te kōwhiringa pūnaha whakakikorua. Mō ngā hōtēra i hangaia i mua i te tau 2000, tera pea ka uru ki te mata o mua he hanganga pakitara kōhao me te hohonu iti mō ngā anga whakararo whakakikorua, e whakawhāiti ana i ngā kōwhiringa pūnaha whakapiri. Kei te wātea ngā kōtaha whakakikorua WPC mai i Yida Wood i roto i ngā hohonutanga me ngā whānui maha hei whakauru i ngā whirihoranga anga whakararo rerekē, ā, ko te āhua mama o te WPC (tata ki te 1.4 karamu/cm³ te mātotoru, ki te whakaritea ki te 2.7 karamu/cm³ mō te konumohe) ka whakaiti i te kawenga hanganga ki runga i te pakitara o mua i te wā whakahoutanga.
Mō ngā hōtēra e whakahaerehia ana i te wā whakahoutanga, ka pā tika te haruru, te puehu, me te whakararuraru mai i ngā mahi o te mata o mua ki te wheako me te moni whiwhi a ngā manuhiri. He iti ake te haruru me te puehu ka puta mai i te tāutanga o te whakakikorua WPC i te whakakikorua kōhatu, tāera rānei, nā te mea ka tapahia, ka piri hoki te rauemi ki ngā taputapu mahi rakau paerewa. Mā te pūnaha kōtaha arero-me-te-awa e whakamahia ana i roto i te whānuitanga whakakikorua whakakotahi a Yida Wood ka taea te tāutanga tere e te kapa iti, ka whakaitihia te wā hanga i te papaanga mā te 30 ki te 40 ōrau ki te whakataurite ki te whakahoutanga whakakikorua pereki tuku iho. Mō ngā kaiwhakahaere hōtēra kāore e taea te kati mō ngā wā whakahoutanga roa, ka puta tika tēnei painga tere ki te whakaiti i te ngaronga moni whiwhi i te wā o te kaupapa whakapai ake mata o mua. Ka pā te whakarōpūtanga ahi EN 13501 Bfl-s1 ki te pūnaha whakakikorua kua tāutahia, nō reira me tutuki hoki te tikanga tāutanga me te rauemi anga-iti ki ngā whakaritenga mahi ahi - he taipitopito me manatoko e ngā kapa hoko me te kaiwhakarato whakakikorua i mua i te whakaae ki te whakatakotoranga.
Ngā Pātai Auau
He aha te tikanga o te kupu Bfl-s1 i ngā kupu māmā noa iho?
Ko te Bfl-s1 te whakatauranga tauhohenga-ki-te-ahi teitei rawa atu ka taea e tētahi rauemi mura pērā i te WPC te whakatutuki i raro i te EN 13501-1. Ko te "Bfl" e tohu ana i te iti rawa o te takoha ki te ahi, ā, ko te "s1" e tohu ana i te iti rawa o te whakaputanga paoa i ngā wāhanga tōmua o te ahi. Mō ngā mata o te hōtēra, koia te paerewa koura mō ngā rauemi whakakikorua mura.
Ka taea e te whakakikorua WPC paerewa te whakatutuki i te Bfl-s1 me te kore he whakakotahitanga?
I roto i te mahi, he tino uaua. Ko ngā kōtaha WPC paerewa kāore he paparanga taupoki tiaki i whakapūtāhia ngātahi, me ngā whakakī kohuke ātete-ahi i roto i te matua, ka eke ki te taumata Cfl-s1, Cfl-s2 rānei. Mā te tukanga whakapūtāhia ngātahi ka taea te whakanoho tika i ngā tāpiringa ātete-ahi me te anga hanga-waro tiaki e pana tahi ana i te mahi ki te awhe Bfl.
He mea ture te whakaritenga o te EN 13501 Bfl-s1 mō ngā mata katoa o ngā hōtēra i Ūropi?
He rerekē ngā whakaritenga i runga i te whenua mema, te teitei o te whare, me te momo nohoanga. Heoi, i te tau 2026, ko te nuinga o ngā whenua o te EU me ngā ture hanga hou e hiahia ana kia whakamahia te Bfl-s1 mō te whakakikorua o mua o ngā whare tūmatanui i runga ake i ngā papa e rua, tae atu ki ngā hōtēra. Tirohia tonu ngā whakaritenga ā-motu me ngā whakaritenga a te mana whakahaere hanga ā-rohe mō te wāhi o tō kaupapa.
Kia pēhea te roa o te whai mana o tētahi pūrongo whakamātautau ahi EN 13501-1?
Kāore he rā paunga kua whakaritea i roto i te paerewa EN tonu, engari e whakaaro ana te nuinga o ngā mana hanga me ngā Rōpū Whakamōhiotia he mea tika kia whakahoutia, kia whakamanahia anō rānei ngā pūrongo kua neke atu i te 5 tau te pakeke, inā koa mēnā kua rerekē te hanganga hua, te tukanga hanga rānei. Me tono ngā tīma hoko i ngā pūrongo kua tuhia ki roto i te 3 tau kia whakaaetia rawatia ai.
Ka heke te kaha ahi o te whakakikorua WPC i roto i te wā ina tāutahia ki runga i te mata o mua?
Kua hangaia te whakakikorua WPC kounga-whakaputa hei pupuri i tōna mahi ahi i muri i te tere o te huarere. E hiahiatia ana e te EN 15534-1 me ngā tuhinga aromatawai e pā ana kia mau tonu te mahi ahi kua whakapuakina i muri i te kawa tawhito kua tautuhia. Me tono ngā kaihoko i ngā taunakitanga o te mahi ahi i muri i te huarere mai i tā rātou kaiwhakarato.
He aha ngā tuhinga me tono atu ahau mai i tētahi kaiwhakarato whakakikorua WPC mō tētahi kaupapa hōtēra?
Tonoa kia whā ngā tuhinga: (1) te Whakapuakitanga Mahi (DoP) e tohutoro ana ki te EN 13501-1 me te Euroclass kua whakapuakina, (2) te pūrongo whakamātautau katoa mai i tētahi Rōpū Whakamōhio kua whakamanahia, (3) te whakaū i te tohu CE, me (4) te taunakitanga e pā ana te pūrongo ki te whirihoranga hua e tonoa ana e koe. Mena kāore e taea e te kaiwhakarato te whakarato i ngā mea e whā, whakaarohia ētahi atu kaiwhakarato.